RABBANICA - Journal of Revealed Knowledge

Pandangan Ibnu Sahnun Terhadap Wakaf Bahan Pendidikan

2025-11-30T13:18:28+08:00

Ibnu Sahnun was a prominent figure in Islamic education during the 9th century AD in North Africa. He made a notable contribution to the understanding and application of waqf for educational purposes. Ibnu Sahnun highlighted the importance of continuous and free educational resources through waqf to foster a knowledgeable society and promote comprehensive development within Islamic communities. This article explores Ibnu Sahnun's views on the concept and principles of waqf in relation to education and the practices he advises to enhance access to quality schooling. By analysing his Kitab Adab al-Mu'allimin, this study seeks to deepen understanding of the role waqf plays in supporting the education system and proposes a practical approach to applying this concept in a contemporary setting.

Ibnu Sahnun, seorang tokoh terkemuka dalam bidang pendidikan Islam pada abad ke-9 Masihi di Afrika Utara. Beliau memberikan sumbangan yang signifikan terhadap pemahaman dan pelaksanaan wakaf untuk bahan pendidikan. Ibnu Sahnun menekankan pentingnya sumber pendidikan yang berterusan dan percuma melalui wakaf untuk membina masyarakat berilmu dan mencapai pembangunan yang menyeluruh dalam masyarakat Islam. Artikel ini mengkaji pandangan Ibnu Sahnun terhadap konsep dan prinsip-prinsip wakaf dalam konteks pendidikan dan amalan yang beliau cadangkan untuk meningkatkan akses kepada pendidikan berkualiti. Melalui analisis karya beliau Kitab Adab al-Mu’allimin, artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang peranan wakaf dalam menyokong sistem pendidikan dan menyarankan pendekatan praktikal untuk mengaplikasikan konsep ini dalam konteks moden.

Penggayaan Emas Perhiasan dalam Majlis Keraian: Implikasi Uruf Zakat di Kelantan

2025-11-30T15:41:28+08:00

Gold jewelry is deeply rooted in the cultural identity of Kelantanese women, serving both as a beauty adornment and a long-term asset. This phenomenon has led many women to accumulate jewelry quantities that surpass the local ʿurf norms. Kelantan became the last Malaysian state to set the nisab for gold jewelry at 600 grams in June 2025. The nisab across Malaysian states varies widely from 85 grams to 850 grams—causing significant discrepancies. This inconsistency raises important questions among women and academics about the research methods used to determine the ʿurf of jewelry usage. This study aims to identify the patterns and norms of gold jewelry worn by Kelantanese women during ceremonial events from the perspective of jewelry traders and to analyse their tendencies in purchasing and wearing jewelry across two lifestyle categories: moderate and luxurious. The research uses a descriptive, quantitative approach involving 12 jewelry shops in ten major districts of Kelantan, selected through purposive sampling based on over ten years of industry experience. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS version 29.0 to determine the average weight and adornment patterns during ceremonies. Results indicate that the average weight for the moderate category is 232.3 grams, while the luxurious category averages 472.75 grams, with a combined mean of 352.54 grams. Additionally, 25% of women wear up to 500 grams of gold jewelry at ceremonial events. These patterns reflect a consistent ʿurf of adornment within the local culture and offer an empirical foundation for the Kelantan Islamic Religious and Malay Customs Council (MAIK) to evaluate and establish an ʿurf-based zakat threshold that aligns with Kelantan’s socioeconomic realities.

Emas perhiasan sinonim dengan budaya wanita Kelantan, berfungsi sebagai hiasan kecantikan dan aset masa hadapan. Fenomena ini mendorong sebahagian besar wanita memiliki kuantiti emas yang melebihi uruf setempat. Kelantan merupakan negeri terakhir di Malaysia yang menetapkan nisab zakat emas perhiasan sebanyak 600 gram pada Jun 2025. Julat nisab antara negeri-negeri sangat ketara; 85 gram hingga 850 gram. Ketidakseragaman tersebut menimbulkan banyak persoalan bukan sahaja kalangan wanita tetapi ahli akademik berkaitan metodologi penyelidikan yang digunakan bagi mendapatkan uruf pemakaian emas perhiasan. Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti corak dan norma pemakaian emas perhiasan wanita Kelantan semasa majlis keraian berdasarkan perspektif peniaga dan menganalisis kecenderungan pembelian dan pemakaian emas perhiasan berdasarkan kategori gaya hidup sederhana dan mewah. Reka bentuk kajian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif melibatkan 12 kedai emas yang beroperasi di sepuluh jajahan utama di negeri Kelantan yang dipilih melalui persampelan bertujuan berdasarkan pengalaman melebihi sepuluh tahun dalam industri perdagangan emas perhiasan. Data dikumpul menggunakan soal selidik berstruktur dan dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif menggunakan SPSS versi 29.0 bagi menentukan purata berat serta pola pemakaian emas semasa majlis keraian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan purata berat gaya pertengahan ialah 232.3 gram, manakala gaya mewah 472.75 gram, dengan purata keseluruhan 352.54 gram. Selain itu, sebanyak 25% wanita memakai emas perhiasan seberat 500 gram ketika menghadiri majlis keraian. Corak ini memperlihatkan uruf pemakaian yang konsisten dalam budaya tempatan dan memberikan asas empirikal kepada Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Istiadat Melayu Kelantan (MAIK) untuk menilai serta menetapkan kadar uruf zakat emas perhiasan yang selaras dengan realiti sosioekonomi negeri Kelantan.

Interaksi Nabawi Dengan Haiwan Dalam Konteks Terapi Emosi: Analisis Berdasarkan Fiqh al-Hadīth

2025-11-30T15:57:13+08:00

Awareness of the emotional therapeutic potential of human-animal interaction is gaining recognition in modern psychology, particularly through approaches such as Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT). However, this dimension remains underexplored within the Islamic framework, especially from the perspective of hadith and fiqh al-hadith. Although numerous authentic hadiths record the Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ interactions with animals, previous studies have largely focused on their legal or ethical implications, without delving into their psychospritual or emotional healing aspects. This study aims to address this gap by analysing the Prophet’s interactions with animals such as camels, cats, birds, and domesticated creatures as potential sources of emotional tranquillity and spiritual well-being. Adopting a qualitative content analysis approach, the study compiles and interprets relevant hadiths through the lens of fiqh al-hadith. The findings demonstrate that the Prophet’s compassionate and empathetic behaviour towards animals not only reflects moral excellence, but also possesses deep therapeutic value including anxiety reduction, emotional calmness, and strengthened spiritual connection with the Creator. This study suggests that hadith-based therapy models may offer a spiritually grounded alternative for emotional well-being and mental health care in alignment with Islamic values of rahmah (compassion) and ihsan (benevolence).

Kesedaran terhadap potensi terapi emosi melalui interaksi dengan haiwan semakin mendapat perhatian dalam bidang psikologi moden, terutamanya melalui pendekatan Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT). Namun begitu, aspek ini masih kurang diterokai dalam kerangka Islam, khususnya daripada perspektif hadith dan fiqh al-hadith. Walaupun terdapat sejumlah hadith sahih yang merakam interaksi Nabi Muhammad SAW dengan haiwan, kebanyakan kajian terdahulu lebih menumpukan kepada dimensi hukum atau akhlak, tanpa menyelami potensi kesan psikospiritual dan terapi emosi yang terhasil daripada interaksi tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi jurang tersebut dengan menganalisis interaksi Nabi SAW terhadap haiwan seperti unta, kucing, burung dan binatang peliharaan lain dalam konteks ketenangan jiwa dan kesejahteraan emosi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif berbentuk analisis kandungan, kajian ini menghimpunkan dan meneliti hadith-hadith berkaitan serta mentafsirkannya melalui kerangka fiqh al-hadith. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa interaksi Nabawi terhadap haiwan bukan sekadar mencerminkan nilai kasih sayang dan empati, malah membawa implikasi terapeutik yang mendalam termasuk pengurangan keresahan, penghasilan rasa tenang, dan penguatan hubungan spiritual dengan Pencipta. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar pendekatan terapi berasaskan hadith dapat dikembangkan sebagai alternatif Islamik dalam penjagaan kesihatan mental, selari dengan nilai-nilai rahmah dan ihsan yang digariskan oleh Nabi SAW

Peranan Penghasilan Produk Terhadap Prestasi Usahawan Wanita Muslim di Bazar Tok Guru

2025-11-30T16:13:59+08:00

The production of high-quality products is essential for ensuring the sustainability and competitiveness of a business, particularly among Muslim women entrepreneurs. Well-developed products not only meet customer needs but also demonstrate professionalism, ethical values, and the entrepreneur’s dedication to conducting business with integrity. In the context of Islamic entrepreneurship, creating beneficial and quality products is regarded as part of ethical practices that foster blessings and business success. However, some entrepreneurs still give insufficient attention to this aspect, which could impact business performance and customer trust. This study aims to examine the relationship between product creation and business performance among Muslim women entrepreneurs in Kelantan. A quantitative descriptive approach was utilised, involving the distribution of questionnaires to 50 Muslim women entrepreneurs operating at Bazar Tok Guru, Kota Bharu. The findings reveal a significant relationship between product creation and business performance, demonstrating that developing high-quality products can improve overall business success. Consequently, this aspect plays a vital role in the growth and innovation of Muslim women entrepreneurs. The study suggests that future research might explore other factors, such as marketing strategies, financial management, and support from the business environment, which also have the potential to influence the success of micro-businesses.

Penghasilan produk yang berkualiti merupakan elemen teras dalam memastikan kelestarian dan daya saing sesebuah perniagaan, khususnya dalam kalangan usahawan wanita Muslim. Produk yang dibangunkan dengan baik bukan sahaja memenuhi keperluan dan kehendak pelanggan, tetapi turut mencerminkan profesionalisme, etika, dan komitmen usahawan terhadap perniagaan yang berintegriti. Dalam konteks keusahawanan Islam, usaha menghasilkan produk yang bermanfaat dan berkualiti tinggi dianggap sebagai sebahagian daripada amalan etika yang mendorong keberkatan dan kejayaan perniagaan. Walau bagaimanapun, masih terdapat usahawan yang kurang menitikberatkan aspek ini, sekali gus menjejaskan prestasi dan kepercayaan pelanggan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara penghasilan produk dan prestasi perniagaan dalam kalangan usahawan wanita Muslim di Kelantan. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan mengumpul data kajian. Seterusnya, data dianalisis dan dihuraikan melalui kaedah deskriptif. Kaedah pengumpulan datamelibatkan pengedaran borang soal selidik kepada 50 orang usahawan wanita Muslim yang berniaga di Bazar Tok Guru, Kota Bharu. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penghasilan produk dengan prestasi perniagaan. Hal ini membuktikan bahawa penghasilan produk yang baik dapat meningkatkan prestasi perniagaan secara keseluruhan. Justeru, aspek ini memainkan peranan penting dalam menentukan tahap pertumbuhan dan inovasi usahawan wanita Muslim. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar penyelidikan pada masa hadapan memberi tumpuan kepada pelbagai faktor lain seperti strategi pemasaran, pengurusan kewangan, dan sokongan persekitaran perniagaan yang turut berpotensi mempengaruhi kejayaan perniagaan mikro.

Inclusive Education for Children with Autism from the Perspective of Maqasid Syariah

2025-11-30T16:25:42+08:00

Education is a fundamental right guaranteed to all individuals, including children with autism, in line with the principles of Maqasid Syariah, which emphasize the preservation of religion (hifz al-din), life (hifz al-nafs), intellect (hifz al-‘aql), lineage (hifz al-nasl), and property (hifz al-mal). However, gaps remain within Islamic educational settings in addressing the unique needs of autistic children in a fair, dignified, and inclusive manner. This study employs a qualitative systematic literature review and document analysis approach, examining peer-reviewed publications, institutional reports, and empirical studies (2019–2025) to explore the educational needs of autistic children through the lens of Maqasid Syariah. Thematic analysis was conducted deductively based on the five Maqasid domains to identify pedagogical, socio-emotional, spiritual, and policy-related requirements in early childhood education. Findings indicate that autism-inclusive education requires flexible, multisensory, structured, and spiritually grounded approaches supported by trained educators, visual-based learning, and consistent guidance. However, practical implementation is hindered by social stigma, curriculum rigidity, insufficient special-education training, limited financial resources, and inadequate policy support. This study contributes a Maqasid-driven conceptual model for inclusive Islamic education, proposes curriculum adaptation strategies, and highlights the mobilisation of zakat and waqf as enablers of equity. The findings support advocacy for teacher training, psychosocial support systems, and policy reform to safeguard the dignity, rights, and long-term well-being of autistic children in Muslim communities.

Navigating Faith and Identity: Support Systems and Experiences of Japanese Converts in the Muslim Community

2025-11-30T16:48:06+08:00

The Muslim population in Japan has steadily grown, yet academic coverage of Japanese converts' experiences remains limited. This paper explores the journeys of Japanese individuals who convert to Islam, emphasizing their faith journeys, identity negotiation, and integration into the Muslim community. The study uses qualitative content analysis with a thematic approach based on existing literature, academic works, published interviews, autobiographies, and memoirs, rather than primary fieldwork. Results indicate that Japanese converts choose Islam for various reasons and face cultural and social challenges during integration. Support systems like mosques and Muslim associations play a crucial role in fostering a sense of belonging and religious continuity. By analyzing these experiences through secondary sources, this paper aims to enhance understanding of Islam in Japan and promote the growth of inclusive, supportive Muslim communities.

Wakaf Digital Malaysia: Hadis, Rantai Blok dan Visi Ekosistem Filantropi Berterusan

2025-11-30T16:53:58+08:00

This study examines the framework of digital waqf in Malaysia, emphasising the hadith of Umar r.a. as the primary and most authoritative legal source. It aims to analyse the hadith text to extract key waqf principles, particularly the preservation of the principal asset and the ongoing distribution of benefits, and to integrate these principles with modern digital innovations. Using a qualitative methodology through in-depth content analysis, the study relies on primary sources from classical hadith and fiqh literature, with secondary sources providing context for technological applications. The findings are organised into three main dimensions: firstly, it discusses the fundamental hadith principles of waqf; secondly, it explores the integration of hadith-based fiqh with digital waqf; and thirdly, it presents a vision for developing a comprehensive ecosystem to realise the concept of ṣadaqah jāriyah. The research concludes that the success and validity of any digital waqf initiative in Malaysia depend entirely on adherence to the principles derived from the hadith of Umar r.a. The analysis indicates that blockchain technology has the potential to serve as a Shariah-compliant tool for safeguarding the perpetuity of waqf assets, while enhancing efficiency, transparency, and integrity in management. However, further empirical evidence is needed to validate its practical effectiveness. Additionally, structural and systemic challenges, such as inconsistencies in legal frameworks and the necessity for robust Shariah governance, must be addressed. This study contributes to the literature by providing fiqh-based and conceptual references for the development of digital waqf, without claiming the creation of new theories. The findings suggest that successful transformation requires a holistic approach, including standardised governance frameworks and technological integration supported by rigorous Shariah oversight. This research is particularly relevant for policymakers, waqf institutions, and Shariah authorities.

Kajian ini meneliti kerangka wakaf digital di Malaysia dengan tumpuan utama kepada Hadis Umar r.a. sebagai sumber perundangan tunggal dan terpenting. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis teks Hadis Umar r.a. bagi mengekstrak prinsip-prinsip wakaf yang relevan, terutamanya ḥabsu al-aṣl dan tasbīl al-thamar, seterusnya mengintegrasikannya dengan inovasi digital. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk analisis kandungan yang mendalam, data primer dikumpul daripada kitab hadis dan fiqh, manakala data sekunder digunakan untuk konteks aplikasi teknologi. Dapatan kajian ini dibahagikan kepada tiga aspek utama iaitu: [Pertama]: Asas dan prinsip hadis wakaf; [Kedua]: Fiqh hadis dan waqaf digital; dan [Ketiga]: Visi ekosistem dalam merealisasikan ṣadaqah jāriyah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kejayaan dan kesahihan mana-mana platform wakaf digital di Malaysia bergantung sepenuhnya pada pemeliharaan prinsip asas Hadis Umar r.a.. Analisis mendapati teknologi blok rantai mempunyai potensi untuk berfungsi sebagai instrumen yang selari dengan syariah dalam menjamin keutuhan harta wakaf serta meningkatkan aspek kecekapan, ketelusan dan integriti pengurusan, walaupun bukti empirikal lanjut masih diperlukan untuk mengesahkan keberkesanan praktikalnya. selain itu, cabaran struktur dan sistemik seperti ketidakseragaman undang-undang serta keperluan tadbir urus syariah yang kukuh perlu ditangani. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada literatur dengan menyediakan asas rujukan fiqh dan konseptual bagi pembangunan wakaf digital, tanpa mendakwa pembinaan teori baharu. Dapatan mencadangkan bahawa transformasi yang berjaya memerlukan pendekatan holistik, termasuk rangka kerja tadbir urus yang seragam dan integrasi teknologi yang disokong oleh pengawasan syariah yang ketat. Kajian ini relevan untuk pembuat dasar, institusi wakaf dan pakar syariah dalam usaha memajukan ekosistem wakaf digital yang patuh syariah di Malaysia.

Transformasi Asnaf Miskin kepada Usahawan Mampan: Satu Model Empirikal Daya Saing

2025-11-30T17:07:38+08:00

Business sustainability among asnaf entrepreneurs is a crucial issue in ongoing efforts to improve the living standards of low-income groups. Despite various forms of assistance, many asnaf entrepreneurs still face challenges in maintaining their businesses' continuity and growth over the long term. Therefore, this empirical study was conducted to identify and examine the relationship between competitiveness factors which is savings, zakat assistance, and networking and the business sustainability of asnaf entrepreneurs. A total of 347 data sets were collected through questionnaires distributed to asnaf entrepreneurs in the states of Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. The findings revealed that two out of three hypotheses were supported, indicating that savings and networking significantly influence business sustainability. The results emphasize the importance of an integrated approach that combines financial, social, and community support to enhance the competitiveness of asnaf entrepreneurs. Overall, this study offers valuable insights and serves as a strategic guide for zakat agencies, policymakers, and relevant stakeholders in empowering asnaf entrepreneurship toward sustainable economic development.

Kelestarian perniagaan dalam kalangan usahawan asnaf merupakan isu kritikal dalam usaha meningkatkan taraf hidup golongan berpendapatan rendah secara berterusan. Walaupun pelbagai bentuk bantuan telah disalurkan, kebanyakan usahawan asnaf masih berdepan dengan cabaran untuk mengekalkan kelangsungan dan kemajuan perniagaan mereka dalam jangka panjang. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini dijalankan secara empirikal bagi mengenal pasti serta menguji hubungan antara faktor daya saing iaitu simpanan, bantuan zakat, dan jaringan kerja terhadap kelestarian perniagaan usahawan asnaf. Sebanyak 347 set data telah diperoleh melalui soal selidik yang diedarkan kepada usahawan asnaf di negeri Kelantan, Terengganu dan Pahang. Data yang dikumpulkan telah dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS dan Smart PLS. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa dua daripada tiga hipotesis disokong, iaitu terdapat pengaruh signifikan simpanan dan jaringan kerja terhadap kelestarian perniagaan. Hasil kajian ini menegaskan keperluan pendekatan bersepadu yang menggabungkan sokongan kewangan, sosial dan komuniti bagi memperkukuh daya saing usahawan asnaf. Secara keseluruhannya, kajian ini memberi implikasi penting sebagai panduan strategik kepada agensi zakat, pembuat dasar, dan pihak berkepentingan dalam memperkasa keusahawanan asnaf ke arah pembangunan ekonomi yang mampan.

Konsep Kepatuhan Fatwa: Perspektif Ulama Silam dan Kontemporari serta Pengamalannya di Malaysia

2025-11-30T17:12:27+08:00

Compliance with fatwa has become a significant issue due to differing views between classical scholars, who emphasized the obligation of laypeople to follow the fatwa of a mujtahid, and the contemporary Malaysian context, where compliance becomes binding once a fatwa is gazetted. Variations in public acceptance of fatwa and confusion about its authority and binding nature highlight the need to re-examine the concept of fatwa compliance from both classical and modern perspectives. This emphasizes the importance of this study. The study aims to critically analyze the concept of fatwa compliance from the viewpoints of classical and contemporary scholars, as well as its practice in Malaysia. The research adopts a qualitative approach based on textual analysis and expert interviews with authoritative muftis. The findings show that fatwa compliance is rooted in scholarly authority in ijtihad, the strength of evidentiary proof, and its binding legal force. In the Malaysian context, a fatwa is considered legally binding only when it is gazetted. The results further confirm that fatwa compliance is a vital mechanism for maintaining doctrinal integrity, reducing social conflict, and guiding Muslims to practice their religion harmoniously. It also helps fatwa administration agencies develop effective policies and guidelines to strengthen the authority of fatwa and increase public adherence to legal rulings.

Kepatuhan terhadap fatwa menjadi isu penting apabila wujud perbezaan pandangan antara pendekatan ulama silam yang menekankan kewajipan orang awam mengikut fatwa mujtahid, dengan realiti kontemporari di Malaysia yang mengikat pematuhan hanya selepas fatwa diwartakan. Perbezaan tahap penerimaan masyarakat terhadap fatwa serta kekeliruan mengenai autoriti dan kewajipan mematuhinya menimbulkan keperluan untuk mengkaji semula konsep kepatuhan fatwa dalam kedua-dua konteks klasik dan moden. Hal ini menjustifikasikan kepentingan kajian ini dijalankan. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara kritis mengenai konsep kepatuhan fatwa menurut perspektif ulama silam dan kontemporari serta pengamalannya di Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif berteraskan analisis teks dan temu bual pakar bersama mufti berautoriti. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kepatuhan fatwa berpaksi kepada autoriti keilmuan dalam berijtihad, kekuatan dalil dan kuasa perundangan yang bersifat mengikat. Dalam konteks Malaysia, sifat fatwa yang mengikat hanya terhasil apabila fatwa diwartakan. Dapatan turut mengesahkan bahawa kepatuhan fatwa merupakan mekanisme penting dalam memelihara keutuhan akidah, meredakan konflik sosial dan membimbing umat Islam dalam menjalani kehidupan beragama secara harmoni. Ia turut membantu pihak pentadbiran fatwa merumus dasar dan garis panduan dengan berkesan dalam mengukuhkan autoriti fatwa serta meningkatkan kepatuhan masyarakat terhadap keputusan hukum yang dikeluarkan.

Pengaruh Latar Belakang Keluarga dalam Pembentukan Identiti Gender Anak-Anak Kecelaruan Gender di Kelantan

2025-11-30T17:30:42+08:00

This study explores the influence of family background on children's gender identity formation, focusing on cases of gender dysphoria in Kelantan. A child's gender identity begins to develop from an early age through socialization within the family environment. Factors such as parental education level, socioeconomic status, family relationships, parenting styles, and the involvement of other family members play significant roles in shaping a child's perception of their own gender. This research employs a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with 14 families with children experiencing gender dysphoria. The findings reveal that parents with limited exposure to gender education, low socioeconomic status, and a lack of direct paternal guidance contribute to gender identity uncertainty among children. Additionally, environmental influences, media exposure, and peer interactions further impact gender development. In conclusion, this study highlights that the family serves as the fundamental institution in shaping children's gender identity. Parents with a clear understanding of gender roles can provide more effective guidance to help children develop a balanced gender identity that aligns with human nature. This study also suggests expanding gender-related education within family contexts as a proactive measure to address gender dysphoria issues in Malaysia.

Artikel ini membincangkan pengaruh latar belakang keluarga dalam pembentukan identiti gender kanak-kanak dengan memberi tumpuan kepada fenomena kecelaruan gender di negeri Kelantan. Identiti gender seseorang kanak-kanak mula terbentuk sejak awal usia melalui proses sosialisasi yang berlaku dalam persekitaran keluarga. Faktor-faktor seperti tahap pendidikan ibu bapa, status ekonomi, hubungan keluarga, gaya keibubapaan serta penglibatan ahli keluarga lain memainkan peranan yang signifikan dalam membentuk persepsi kanak-kanak terhadap gender mereka sendiri. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kaedah temu bual separa berstruktur bersama 14 keluarga yang mempunyai anak dengan kecelaruan gender. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan bahawa ibu bapa yang kurang pendedahan terhadap pendidikan gender, status sosioekonomi yang rendah, serta kurangnya interaksi dan bimbingan daripada bapa secara langsung menyumbang kepada ketidaktentuan identiti gender dalam kalangan kanak-kanak. Selain itu, faktor persekitaran, pengaruh media dan interaksi sosial dengan rakan sebaya turut memberi kesan kepada perkembangan gender mereka. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menegaskan bahawa keluarga merupakan institusi asas yang memainkan peranan utama dalam membentuk identiti gender kanak-kanak. Ibu bapa yang memiliki kesedaran serta pengetahuan yang jelas tentang peranan gender mampu memberikan bimbingan yang lebih berkesan dalam membantu anak-anak membentuk identiti gender yang seimbang dan selari dengan fitrah manusia. Kajian ini juga mencadangkan agar pendidikan berkaitan gender dalam konteks keluarga diperluaskan sebagai satu langkah proaktif dalam menangani isu kecelaruan gender di Malaysia.

Pembangunan Sistem Digital Pengukuran Strategik Prestasi Pengurusan Masjid Berasaskan Elemen Kecerdasan Buatan (AI)

2025-11-30T17:45:06+08:00

Efficient and effective mosque management is a key part of the current effort to empower mosque institutions. In this context, there is a need to develop a strategic measurement system for mosque management performance that uses artificial intelligence (AI) elements to evaluate the functions and roles of mosque institutions more efficiently than manual methods. This system model, based on the Malaysian Mosque Rating Standard (SPMM) document framework and aligned with previous studies' conceptual models, aims to explore how AI elements can be applied in system development. AI functions as a strategic tool to produce intervention suggestions and training programs needed for each aspect of mosque performance measurement. The study follows the Design and Development Research (DDR) approach, which is used to test the practical application of a model involving AI elements in creating this digital system. During the system’s design and development phase, the research analyzed past studies across three areas: the core development of the mosque performance measurement system, the integration of AI elements in system development, and the framework for mosque performance measurement based on the SPMM document. Ultimately, this research resulted in a conceptual framework for developing a prototype digital system to strategically measure mosque management performance, focusing on the planning and design stages of this system.

Pengurusan masjid secara cekap dan berkesan merupakan satu elemen penting dalam agenda pemerkasaan institusi masjid masa kini. Sehubungan itu, terdapat keperluan untuk membangunkan sistem pengukuran strategik prestasi pengurusan masjid berasaskan elemen kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam mengukur fungsi dan peranan institusi masjid dengan lebih efisien berbanding pengukuran prestasi secara manual. Model pembangunan sistem ini dibangunkan berasaskan kerangka dokumen Standard Penarafan Masjid Malaysia (SPMM) dan disepadankan dengan kerangka konseptual kajian–kajian lepas bagi menilai kebolehgunaan elemen kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam pembangunan sistem ini. (AI) berfungsi sebagai alat strategik untuk menjana cadangan intervensi dan program latihan yang diperlukan dalam setiap dimensi pengukuran prestasi masjid. Reka bentuk kajian ini berasaskan reka bentuk kajian Design and Development Research (DDR). Pendekatan DDR digunakan bagi menguji kebolehgunaan sesuatu model secara praktikal iaitu pengintegrasian elemen kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam pembangunan sistem digital ini. Dalam fasa keperluan pembangunan dan reka bentuk sistem, kajian ini telah menganalisis dapatan kajian-kajian lepas dalam tiga aspek iaitu pembangunan asas sistem pengukuran prestasi masjid, elemen kecerdasan buatan (AI) dalam pembangunan sistem serta pembangunan kerangka sistem pengukuran prestasi masjid berdasarkan Dokumen Standard Penarafan Masjid Malaysia (SPMM). Akhirnya, kajian ini menghasilkan kerangka konseptual bagi pembangunan prototaip sistem pengukuran prestasi masjid yang memfokuskan fasa analisis keperluan dan reka bentuk.